While speaking with disputants, an officer should be especially aware of their what?

Being attuned to both verbal and non-verbal behavior is crucial for an officer when interacting with disputants. Verbal behavior includes the words being spoken, tone, and pitch, which can provide insight into the individual's emotional state and the seriousness of the dispute. Non-verbal behavior encompasses body language, facial expressions, and gestures, all of which can convey feelings and intentions that may not be verbally expressed. Recognizing these cues helps the officer gauge the dynamics of the situation, assess potential volatility, and determine how to effectively engage with the individuals involved. This awareness is vital for de-escalation and ensuring safety for everyone present.

While emotional and mental states, mental health considerations, and physical appearance may play a role in understanding the disputants, the most immediate and actionable insights during an interaction come from observing both what is said and how it is communicated through body language.